Which of the following are instructional techniques based on Piaget's theory?

The choice of discovery learning and supporting child interests aligns closely with Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which emphasizes the importance of active engagement and exploration in the learning process. Piaget posited that children learn best through hands-on experiences and discovery, allowing them to construct their understanding of the world around them. By promoting discovery learning, educators encourage children to explore concepts at their own pace, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Supporting child interests is also a key aspect of Piaget's approach, as it respects the individual learning paths and curiosities of each child. When educators build on children's interests, they help maintain motivation and engagement, which are crucial for meaningful learning experiences.

The other options present instructional techniques that do not align well with Piaget's principles. Direct instruction and memorization focus on rote learning and teacher-led instruction, potentially limiting children's opportunities to explore and construct their knowledge. Behavioral reinforcement and observational learning are rooted in behaviorist theories, which prioritize external rewards and direct modeling rather than cognitive development through exploration. Standardized testing and evaluation methods emphasize comparison and performance metrics, which do not reflect Piaget's focus on individual learning processes and developmental stages.